Compare and contrast the probabilistic and deterministic methods of seismic hazard assessment, discussing the pros and cons of each. Referring to a case study. describe how both approaches can be integrated in a seismic hazard investigation. (100%) Question 2 Define the nature of hydrothermal fluid flow associated with fracture permeability in active seismogenic extensional, strike slip and reverse fault zones within continental crust. (100%) Question 3 With the aid of diagrams, describe tectonic models for the stretching and rifting of continental crust and explain the circumstances in which magmas are produced. How does this magmatism enable testing of the tectonic models? (100%) Question 4 a) Describe the features of ophiolites associated with (i) subduction unrelated mid-ocean ridge spreading, and (ii) supra-subduction zone tectonic environments. (50%) b) Critically evaluate the evidence proposed to support a supra-subduction zone setting for the Troodos Ophiolite of Cyprus. (50%) Question 5 Discuss the evidence that shows how plate tectonics on Earth has changed since the Archaean. Explain how these changes have affected the Earth-system as a whole. (100%) Question 1 Compare and contrast the probabilistic and deterministic methods of seismic hazard assessment, discussing the pros and cons of each. Referring to a case study, describe how both approaches can be integrated in a seismic hazard investigation. (100%)
